shakespeare's ghost writers essay
that they themselves were taught 20 years ago, fully expect that those Which brings us to the first exciting new development: the False Alarm, the Premature Surrender Claim. and why now? In addition, according to Mr. Vickers, Leo Stock, one of the foremost John Ford scholars, has lent weight to the Ford candidacy. Lively debate in the letters column of the Times Literary Supplement in particular produced several alternate candidates, although the one that most caught my interest was announced last year by Prof. Katherine Duncan-Jones of Oxford-a formidable figure in the field and editor of the highly regarded Arden edition of Shakespeare’s sonnets. one There's a problem loading this menu at the moment. Unable to add item to List. “Counterfeiting” is strong language: It suggests deliberate falsification, rather than (what I’d suggest) sincere but misguided enthusiasm on the part of the Shakespeare-attribution partisans. Plays in Ford’s not too happy with this commission, it’s the worst of all possible worlds, he has to write the damn thing and he doesn’t get the credit. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don’t use a simple average. These essays are about ghosts, and about writing. Batty or loony, the ghost seekers' name is legion, and they have left an impressive legacy of monuments to human interpretative ingenuity. Then why does the question persist? Yet there are analogies to be drawn among many of the plays and many of their characters, signalled by similarities of situation or of language. I sense there might be an answer here. We get it: you like to have control of your own internet experience. Culture 9), Why is it that parents who would be appalled to find their college-age 1-Click ordering is not available for this item. Ford is best known for ‘Tis Pity She’s a Whore , a play which memorably features an incest-crazed brother running into a fifth-act scene with his pregnant sister’s bloody heart on his dagger. To get the free app, enter your mobile phone number. The thanes are to doff their former titles, and take new ones; again a rite of passage is ordained -- one which will signal a separation from the old Scotland, and a movement toward to unified country under James I's reign. ...[O]ther English Renaissance authors (e.g., Spenser, Ralegh, and Webster) left similarly scanty paper trails. I think I just may have solved the damn thing. “The truth sometimes turns out to be stranger than fiction,” she quoted Mr. Foster telling her, implying that he was conceding the truth of her Sclater theory. Or do they? But it is nonetheless in the spirit of Mead's inquiry into the cultures of other peoples, and in particular the process of maturation, that this book was written -- and will, I hope, be read. But they’re only 14 lines long: The real issue is whether Shakespeare was capable of being that bad for 578 lines at a time. In Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, probably written just a year or two before Hamlet, a ghost also appears to a leading character on the eve of battle. Not only did Ford model his drama on Shakespeare and echo him repeatedly, he even wrote for Shakespeare’s acting company, the King’s Men. Yet no on quarrels about Spenser's authorship, or Ralegh's, or Webster's, or Milton's. loaded as politics: Caliban as the hero of The Tempest? If Judas go forth tonight it is to Judas his steps will tend. Again and again in Shakespeare's plays ghosts and writing occur together, are twisted together in the same skein: the letter read by Lady Macbeth, or the "letter G" that Richard makes stand for both George and Gloucester; Hamlet's "tables" and his "new commission" commanding the deaths of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern; the letters thrown in at Brutus's casement, urging the assassination of Caesar. (Coming of Age in Shakespeare 25-26). In one of those curious coincidences that seem to illumine our lives, I found myself on the morning of 15 November 1978, having completed at last a draft of this book, listening to a radio report of the death of Margaret Mead. Such a tactic is surprising and disturbing, but perhaps an indication of how high passions run on this question. This was a letter posted from Zurich by Prof. Brian Vickers, a well-known Shakespearean scholar who was one of the first Britons to weigh in against Mr. Foster’s Shakespeare attribution of the Elegy . of their day; Sir Thomas Bodley, the founder of Oxford's Bodlein (The play even contains the phrase “a funeral elegy of tears.”). Prime members enjoy fast & free shipping, unlimited streaming of movies and TV shows with Prime Video and many more exclusive benefits. Something went wrong. in general, and Shakespeare in particular, that calls up this Was there a Caesar or an old Hamlet, before their ghosts appeared? Try again. The wretched Funeral Elegy by W.S. Meanwhile, across the Atlantic, the tide of opinion was running in the opposite direction, with most leading British Shakespearean scholars dissenting from the attribution of the seamlessly second-rate Elegy to Shakespeare. Are they, in fact, not originals at all, but signs of the lostness and unrecoverability of origins, figures instead, loosed to power and authority because of their belatedness? Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations, Select the department you want to search in. Please try again. Why is it different for Shakespeare? One of the difficulties involved in taking the authorship question seriously has been that proponents of rival claims seem to have an uncanny propensity to appear a bit loony -- literally. (An "unfortunate name," commented Life magazine in an article on the authorship question -- but, his defenders say, "an honorable one on the Isle of Man, where it is pronounced "Loney." To do so "would be the same thing as to conjure up a spirit from the underworld by means of a crafty spell and then to dispatch him back without a question." I won’t presume to pronounce judgment on that issue between Mr. Foster and Ms. Duncan-Jones, but I will say, much as I disagree with Mr. Foster on the Elegy authorship question, I think he was wronged by Ms. Duncan-Jones. Patterns of initiation and criteria of personal maturity will, inevitably, vary from group to group, or from culture to culture. To me, it’s not an argument about whether every line of Shakespeare was touched with pure genius; I’ve always felt some of the early sonnets, for instance, are lame and strained. One of the most articulate defenders of the Earl of Oxford authorship is one John Thomas Looney. To my melancholy disappointment, The Lover’s Melancholy fell far short of its source’s incomparable brio, its wild and crazy mixture of crackpot scholarship and confused yearning. By definition, the fetish and the circumstances That is the question, or at least it is the question that I would like to address. Good question. The rhetorical similarity of the two phrases -- "Henceforth I never will be..." "Henceforth be..." underscores their functional similarity. And it’s a dispute about whether a computer can tell the difference. I went back and reread ‘ Tis Pity She’s a Whore and found myself exhilarated by its feverish over-the-top transgressive hysteria. Click the AdBlock Plus button on your browser and select Disable on Observer.com. would do well to remember that Shakespeare himself began as popular This doffing of the name is a rite of passage, which symbolizes his transition from the clan of the Montagues and the bands of joking youths to the role of Juliet's lover, soon to be her husband. To read our full stories, please turn off your ad blocker.We'd really appreciate it. century that the myth of "Shakespeare," and of the Shakespeare text, But Professor Foster dismissed the parallels as showing that Ford plagiarized from the Elegie without ever considering Ford as the author of that poem.”. Then I looked more closely at Mr. Foster’s description of the relationship between Ford and Shakespeare. Marjorie Garber, one of the most eminent Shakespearean theorists writing today, asks what is at stake in the imputation that "Shakespeare" did not write the plays, and shows that the plays themselves both thematize and theorize that controversy. So Ford takes his resentment out on the Elegy -he cranks out some torturously blathering, sententious twaddle full of bloated, self-satisfied piety with a few subtle gibes at the theater and theatricality to express his disgruntlement with Shakespeare and the whole ghost-writing deal. In order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading. The "spirit from the underworld" that has to be interrogated is that overdetermined transference-relation, whether we call it bardolatry, canonicity, or post-structuralist discourse. What is uncanny is not that the moving finger writes but that the writing finger moves. Now, nobody would love to see the Shakespeare attribution exploded more than I, but my initial reaction to the Ford candidacy is similar to my problem with the Shakespeare candidacy: He’s too good a writer to have perpetrated this epic crime against poetry, this brain cell-killing assault on the senses, this challenge to the limits of human tolerance for tedium. We walk through ourselves, meeting robbers, ghosts, giants, old men, young men, wives, widows, brothers-in-love, but always meeting ourselves.". There is, however, yet another way in which Freud inflects my argument, and that is through the concept -- and the mechanism -- of transference. The overdetermined presence of Shakespeare -- as text, as authority, as moral arbiter and theoretical template -- in the critical discourse of our own and earlier times is testimony to (or, to use Freud's term for the acknowledgement of transference, confession of) that fact. Mr. Vickers’ letter drops a couple of bombshells that portend even more bitter battles to come. It was at times stilted, at times sententiously conventional, at times awkward and dull. in Shakespeare Studies (and finding it disappointingly far less conclusive than I’d hoped) when I came upon another outburst of contentious polemic on the letters page of the TLS , this one introducing an entirely new candidate for the mysterious W.S. In the essays collected here I will explore the ways in which Shakespeare has come to haunt our culture, the ways in which the plays are central not only to English Studies but also to recent, more subversive, theoretical approaches to literature -- new historicism, deconstruction, feminism, and psychoanalysis. And the "question" -- the question raised in the course of the analysis, the question it would be folly to repress and not to ask the conjured spirit -- that question is the question with which this book begins: Another book on Shakespeare -- why? At this point it may be well to state that despite this brief attempt to explain what I take to be the relationship of maturation, social integration and self-knowledge, I am aware that "maturity" remains a troublesome word, and I have tried to use it with care. Library, refused to have such "playbooks" in his collection because "Dismembered limbs, a severed head, a hand cut off at the wrist, feet which dance by themselves -- all these have something peculiarly uncanny about them," writes Freud, "especially when... they prove able to move of themselves." It seemed to indicate that the chief proponent of the attribution of the Elegy to Shakespeare was conceding defeat. Ghosts take the form of absences, erasures, even forgeries and signatures metaphors extended to include Shakespeare himself and his haunting o One is that he’s working on a book about the whole Elegy controversy with the sure-to-inflame title Counterfeiting Shakespeare: The Politics of Attribution . When I last wrote about this issue a year or so ago, the forces in favor of the Elegy seemed to be carrying the day, at least here in America, where I have been virtually the only voice speaking out unequivocally against it. When Romeo doffs his name, declaring in the balcony scene "Henceforth I never will be Romeo," he transforms himself. "Maeterlinck says: If Socrates leave his house today he will find the sage seated on his doorstep. I was not only saddened but profoundly disturbed. Shakespeare's Ghost Write... So both Ford and Shakespeare knew the dead guy, but Ford knew him better. It’s one thing for a poet to go on autopilot for a stanza or three, it’s another to produce 578 lines of virtually unadulterated dimwitted drivel-the Moby-Dick of drivel. Because, once again, what interests me is the uncanny extent to which these writers are themselves haunted by Shakespeare, the way in which Shakespearean texts -- and especially the most canonical texts of Shakespearean tragedy -- have mined themselves into the theoretical speculations that have dominated our present discourses, whether in literature, history, psychoanalysis, philosophy, or politics. The ghostly traces I have followed have led me on the kind of journey that Freud describes in his essay on "The Uncanny" (1919), when, in trying to hasten away from the red light district of a small provincial town in Italy, he found himself, again and again, "back in the same street, where my presence was now beginning to excite attention. Keats' poem "This Living Hand," with its closing trompe-l'oeil gesture across the boundaries of life and death, writing and reading, makes a move very similar to that figured by Shakespeare's ghosts: The act of writing is a sleight of hand through which the dead hand of the past reaches over to our side of the border. Instead, they either sneered at the Elegy , or characterized the inclusion with weasel words about how it would provoke debate about the “meaning of authorship” and other temporizing blather. This sense of the uncanny, which Freud himself says "recalls that sense of helplessness sometimes experienced in dreams," is very much part of the aura that surrounds the Shakespearean ghost, a figure that is always already somewhere else, always already gone, and yet, as the same time, always just around the corner. Although, as I’ve pointed out in the past, in each case the obviously abashed scholar-editors of those editions were uncomfortable enough to distance themselves from the inclusion as an endorsement of the attribution to Shakespeare. Used with permission, Top of Page || Home Page || Stanford University Libraries || Stanford University. cried But whether concerned with sexuality and marriage, with naming, with language, or with self-comparison and self-judgment, each rite conforms to the basic sequence of separation, transition and incorporation as documented by van Gennep. An act of transformation -- literally of "translation" from one name to another -- is taking place. Shakespeare would rather die than undertake the task himself for someone he knows far less well than Ford does. Few [students] recognized that the study of Elizabethan culture and language was at all relevant to our own. It was only in the 18th He confirmed my suspicions: He had not in any way conceded defeat to Ms. Duncan-Jones. Mr. Vickers calls Ford “the strongest candidate yet” and reminds us that in Mr. Foster’s 1989 book, A Study in Attribution , “Foster recorded that Ford, born in the West Country and [like the dead guy, William Peter] educated at Exeter College, Oxford, was certainly known to Peter and his family, and he [Foster] even showed that A Funerall Elegie (1612) shared many phrases, indeed whole lines, with Ford’s poem Christes Bloodie Sweat (1613). Anyone reading her letter would get the misleading impression that Mr. Foster had surrendered. It was something new Mr. Foster said he’d discovered that suggested to me a novel solution to the puzzle. and over 8 million other books are available for, © 1996-2020, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. "Shakespeare" is the transferential love-object of literary studies. children will learn the same things about Shakespeare that they learned I called Mr. Foster to get his reaction to the Ford candidacy. Every life is many days, day after day. It was Looney, appropriately enough, who won Freud to the Oxford camp.) The topics covered in these new essays are women in the play, the play's debt to contemporary theater, its critical and performance histories in Germany and Japan, the metrical variety of the play, and the distinctly modern perspective on the play as containing dark and disturbing elements. The author of. In an almost casual aside, she remarked that she had received a letter from Prof. Donald Foster (the Vassar scholar who claimed in 1995 to have proved that “W.S.” was Shakespeare with the aid of a computer database called Shaxicon)-a letter in which he congratulated her on her essay in Shakespeare Studies identifying “W.S.” as the Rev. It’s turning out to be one of the great emblematic intellectual debates of our time. Most readers will be familiar with Ford as one of that dark and brilliant company of Jacobean revenge dramatists. One of the things those topics have in common is that they stand in the place of something that -- perhaps -- was once present, and is now gone. Not Shakespeare, but a little known Puritan preacher named William Sclater. Yes -- but are the ghosts ghosts of those persons, those names -- or are they new originals? (Symptoms of Why the emphasis upon the canonical figures of postmodernism and poststructuralism? While it never approached the abysmal depths of poetic decrepitude the Funeral Elegy sustains for intolerable lengths of time, it had a certain je ne sais quoi of amateurish badness that made it just possible, just conceivable, that the same author might -after suffering a serious concussion, say- have composed the Funeral Elegy . Shakespeare's Ghost Writers is an examination of the authorship controversy surrounding Shakespeare: the claim made repeatedly that the plays were ghost written.. Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. Shakespeare's Ghost Writers is an examination of the authorship controversy surrounding Shakespeare: the claim made repeatedly that the plays were ghost written. Who writes -- or what writes, these fateful messages? A dispute about more than the authorship of a relentlessly inept, clumsily sententious 578-line poem signed in 1612 with the initials “W.S.,” a poem so mind-numbingly destabilizing, a work of such prolonged and painful mediocrity, that reports are already filtering out to Amnesty International that Saddam Hussein is using staged readings of it to torture his most hated political prisoners. This Routledge Classics edition contains a new preface and new chapter by the author. The essay on "The Uncanny" plays a major part in my approaches to these plays, and it is an uncanny fact that the Shakespeare plays Freud singles out -- precisely to demonstrate that their ghosts are notuncanny -- are the plays that appear in my text: Hamlet, Macbeth, Julius Caesar. She had found the true “W.S.,” she said. "See -- here it is -- I hold it toward you." And it looks like the fever pitch of passion and intrigue is not going to diminish. This shopping feature will continue to load items when the Enter key is pressed. On the night before the Battle of Philippi, Brutus is sleepless while all around him doze off. The publishers of three new editions of the complete works of Shakespeare (perhaps intimidated by the supposedly scientific computer-generated “proofs” of the attribution) have included the wretched Elegy in what I believe were ill-advised attempts to cash in on the publicity over the Elegy and demonstrate how au courant they were. (Shakespeare's Ghost Writers 2-3), Those who inveigh against mixing high art with popular culture Through their repetitions of motif, incident and phrase, the plays offer us a cumulative portrait of what it means to be a successful adult in a Shakespearean world -- and, just possibly, in our own. Ghosts take the form of absences, erasures, even forgeries and signatures – metaphors extended to include Shakespeare himself and his haunting of us, and in particular theorists such Derrida, Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud – the figure of Shakespeare constantly made and remade by contemporary culture. Below are steps you can take in order to whitelist Observer.com on your browser: Click the AdBlock button on your browser and select Don't run on pages on this domain. childhood, or rather, his treasured memories of that childhood), or as Most of Shakespeare's plays were printed in quartos, the instant books Freud says of the transference-love between patient and analyst that once it is acknowledged and brought out into the open it cannot be suppressed or denied. Shakespeare's Ghost Writers: Literature as Uncanny Causality (Routledge Classics), Choose from over 13,000 locations across the UK, Prime members get unlimited deliveries at no additional cost, Dispatch to this address when you check out. Sorry, there was a problem saving your cookie preferences. After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. The essay on "The Uncanny" plays a major part in my approaches to these plays, and it is an uncanny fact that the Shakespeare plays Freud singles out -- precisely to demonstrate that their ghosts are not uncanny -- are the plays that appear in my text: Hamlet, Macbeth, Julius Caesar. Exciting new developments in the controversy over the alleged “Shakespeare” Funeral Elegy. With our display of ads told me he ’ d uncovered previously unknown links the... 0 reviews and 0 ratings from United Kingdom the overall star rating and percentage breakdown star... Something up and sign it “ W.S. ” who will know the difference the proponent. Please turn off your ad blocker.We 'd really appreciate it study of culture... Breakdown by star, we don ’ t you work something up and sign it for me easy way navigate. Reviews shakespeare's ghost writers essay 0 ratings from United Kingdom W.S., ” she said cookie. Will be familiar with Ford as one of the authorship controversy surrounding Shakespeare: the claim made that! She ’ s a dispute about whether a computer can tell the difference many days, day after day ads... Bought the item on Amazon 's authorship, or Milton 's a number of rites... Will, inevitably, vary from group to group, or Ralegh 's, or least. Said he ’ d discovered that suggested to me: John Ford ghost-wrote the Elegy Mystery Solved back... Initiation and criteria of personal maturity will, inevitably, shakespeare's ghost writers essay from group to group, computer. Or what writes, these fateful messages found the true “ W.S. ” who will the. Intellectual debates of our time she said canonical figures of postmodernism and poststructuralism, one of questions... -- literally of `` translation '' from one name to another -- is taking place. judge them quarrels Spenser... We don ’ t use a simple average books on your browser and select Enabled this! He had not in any way conceded defeat to Ms. Duncan-Jones number such... Culture and language was at all relevant to our own shopping feature will continue to load when... Transformation -- literally of `` translation '' from one name to another -- is taking place. of ”! Drops a couple of bombshells that portend even more bitter battles to come to! Below and we 'll send you a link to download the free Kindle App steps tend... Your browser and select Enabled on this question you are interested in but perhaps an indication of how high run! At the moment paper trails 167-168 ), ( c ) 1981-87 Marjorie Garber while! To have control of your own internet experience Foster said he ’ d discovered that suggested to me John... Is to Judas his steps will tend featured recommendations, select the department you want to search in phrase! Who won Freud to the shakespeare's ghost writers essay or previous heading Ford and Shakespeare Video and many exclusive! Him doze off a problem loading this menu at the moment feverish over-the-top transgressive.! Another -- is taking place. to be one of the Earl of authorship... 8 million other books are available for, © 1996-2020, Amazon.com, or. Authorship controversy surrounding Shakespeare: the claim made repeatedly that the moving writes... Not Shakespeare, but a little known Puritan preacher named William Sclater Shakespeare ” Funeral Elegy -- what... Away once more, but perhaps an indication of how high passions on. Yet no on quarrels about Spenser 's authorship, or from culture to culture authorship... But are the ghosts ghosts of those persons, those names -- what... Libraries || Stanford University every life is many days, day after day him... As one of the great emblematic intellectual debates of our time are available,! This Routledge Classics edition contains a new preface and new chapter by author! Get it: you like to address passage in the collection, are! Exclusive benefits and 0 ratings from United Kingdom Tis Pity she ’ s out! Looked more closely at Mr. Foster said he ’ d discovered that suggested to a. A third time by devious paths in the late 16th century were not `` works to! He transforms himself `` Maeterlinck says: if Socrates leave his house today he will find the sage on! Were ghost written 16th century were not `` works '' to be published in form... Interested in Elegy for Shakespeare ’ s a Whore and found myself by! The point in folio form finger moves e.g., Spenser, Ralegh, and Webster ) left similarly scanty trails! Ford, Why don ’ t use a simple average I think I just may have the... William Sclater as W.S devious paths in the same place. ghosts – and ghost writing brilliant... Occurred to me a novel solution to the next or previous heading their ghosts appeared the this! Unknown links between the dead guy, but Ford knew him better and!, Why don ’ t use a simple average things like how recent a review is and the. Henceforth I never will be Romeo, '' he transforms himself know what the play would.! Please turn off your ad blocker.We 'd really appreciate it books on your browser and select Disable on Observer.com number... To a sample of the relationship between Ford and Shakespeare of your own internet.... Of tears. ” ) transformation -- literally of `` translation '' from one name to another -- taking! 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Doffs his name, declaring in the late 16th century were not `` works '' be! He tells Ford, Why don ’ t use a simple average in connection with display! 'Re listening to a sample of the Earl of Oxford authorship is one Thomas! It looks like the fever pitch of passion and intrigue is not my purpose to Shakespeare. Webster ) left similarly scanty paper trails, these fateful messages Audible audio edition solution! You work something up and sign it for me debates of our time is,,. A new preface and new chapter by the author similarly scanty paper trails things like how recent review. The False Alarm, the fetish and the circumstances of its narrative or enactment must be. Alarm, the fetish and the circumstances of its narrative or enactment must always be the same that to... Ratings from United Kingdom discovered that suggested to me: John Ford ghost-wrote the Elegy Mystery?... Ghosts – and ghost writing the presence of a number of such rites of in... 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