student writing portfolio examples article
(412) 624-8319, Larry Rudner Vermont Department of Education The goals Parents are generally more receptive if the traditional tests to which they are accustomed are not being eliminated. Pittsburgh Public Schools Among its partners are the following states: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, New York, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington. Learning, Research and Development Center 341 South Bellefield Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213, ARTS PROPEL They need support material such as folders, file drawers, and access to a photocopy machine, and time to plan, share ideas, and develop strategies. And without curriculum-specific experience in using these processes and strategies, even fewer students will carry them forward into new and appropriate contexts. Washington, DC 20007 Lauren Resnick and Marc Tucker are codirectors of the New Standards Project, which has embarked on a process to develop a new assessment system to support world class standards of performance for all students. (202) 336-7045, Don Chambers Commissioner of Education Early in the school year, students are pressed to consider: What would I like to reread or share with my parents or a friend? The system employs advanced forms of performance assessment, such as portfolios, exhibitions, projects, and timed performance examinations. Portfolios are useful as a support to the new instructional approaches that emphasize the student's role in constructing understanding and the teacher's role in promoting understanding. Administrative contexts also influence the structure and use of portfolios. Brown University Also, older students often expand their portfolios beyond written material to include photographs or videos of peer review sessions, science experiments, performances, or exhibits. 1 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Suite 700 Pittsburgh, PA 15260 For example, in writing instruction, portfolios can function to illustrate the range of assignments, goals, and audiences for which a student produced written material. This article describes the Portfolio Assessment Preparation (PAP) Model that was used to facilitate the use of student portfolios in an elementary school. (310) 206-1532, Richard P. Mills (For more information on the role of administrators and policymakers in the success of portfolio programs, refer to the next issue of CONSUMER GUIDE, "Student Portfolios: Administrative Uses," to be published in December 1993. Younger students may need more directed help to decide on what work to include. Washington, DC 20001-1431 Portfolios may also be used to compare achievement across classrooms or schools. And unlike separate tests, they supplement rather than take time away from instruction. What makes a particular piece of writing, an approach to a mathematics problem, or a write-up of a science project a good product? The earlier the discussions begin, the better. College students, on the other hand, may need to create a portfolio showcasing the best work they've done, which is very common in art and teaching majors. Standards, and Student Testing Choose relevant samples that would appeal to potential clients and are in niches that you want to write in. In addition, teachers may need extra space in their classrooms to store students' portfolios or expensive equipment such as video cameras. Portfolios are valued as an assessment tool because, as representations of classroom-based performance, they can be fully integrated into the curriculum. Council of Chief State School Officers 145 Moore Hall Older students are generally better at keeping logs to report their progress on readings and other recurrent projects. 2. Students need specifics with clear guidelines and examples to get started on their work, so these discussions need to be well guided and structured. Teachers need not only a thorough understanding of their subject area and instructional skills, but also additional time for planning, conferring with other teachers, developing strategies and materials, meeting with individual students and small groups, and reviewing and commenting on student work. For example, in developing criteria for judging good writing, older students are more likely to be able to help determine the criteria by which work is selected, perhaps through brainstorming sessions with the teacher and other students. Even as the results from the first year of implementation are being analyzed, the program is being expanded. 1025 West Johnson Street The age/grade level of students may determine how portfolios are developed and used. Although there is no single correct way to develop portfolio programs, in all of them students are expected to collect, select, and reflect. They may develop portfolios focused on a single curricular area--such as writing, mathematics, literature, or science--or they may develop portfolio programs that span two or more subjects, such as writing and reading, writing across the curriculum, or mathematics and science. For example, in writing instruction, portfolios can function to illustrate the range of assignments, goals, and audiences for which a student produced written material. Montpelier, VT 05602 For example, a videotape of students speaking French in the classroom can be used to evoke a critical evaluation of each other's conversational skills at various points during the school year. Guidelines may also address issues of teacher or peer involvement in revising draft work or in deciding on what to identify as a best piece. When they are used for this purpose, fairness requires that standards be developed to specify the types of work that can be included and the criteria used to evaluate the work. (608) 263-4285. Research shows that students at all levels see assessment as something that is done to them on their classwork by someone else. They can also be used to support cooperative teaming by offering an opportunity for students to share and comment on each other's work. This is the eighth Education Research CONSUMER GUIDE--a series published for teachers, parents, and others interested in current education themes. 18-R One method proving to be effective for gathering and organizing student productivity, growth, and development is the portfolio approach. Select your writing portfolio samples with your target client and niche(s) in mind. Often, portfolio programs are initiated by teachers, who know their classroom curriculum best. Portfolios can serve as a vehicle for enhancing student awareness of these strategies for thinking about and producing work--both inside and beyond the classroom. Moreover, many teachers, educators, and researchers believe that portfolio assessments are more effective than "old-style" tests for measuring academic skills and informing instructional decisions. If you're a student, it's likely academic consideration and if you're a freelance journalist, it could be to get you an article commission. WHAT DOES THE RESEARCH SAY? 405 Hilgard Avenue Sciences Education Providence, RI 02912 Maryl Gearhart of CRESST is investigating two collaborative research projects involving portfolios in elementary schools. Teachers and administrators need to educate parents about how portfolios work and what advantages they offer over traditional tests. A complete portfolio contains 3–5 pieces of writing from the student’s Carleton courses, plus a reflective essay in which the student articulates how they have developed as a writer over the past two years. Once portfolios are explained and observed in practice, parents are often enthusiastic supporters. Princeton, NJ 08541, Ron Dietel Writing Examples in PDF; Writing Templates & Examples; The word article can be used to refer to a brief written composition which is often found among other compositions typically included in different publications (e.g. Without instruction focused on the processes and strategies that underlie effective performance of these types of work, most students will not learn them or will learn them only minimally. University of Pittsburgh 3939 O'Hara Street, Room 408 Still others span several course areas for particular groups of students, such as those in vocational-technical, English as a second language, or special arts programs. Box 1969 Portfolios capitalize on students' natural tendency to save work and become an effective way to get them to take a second look and think about how they could improve future work. (202) 342-5060, Joe McDonald ), PROPEL/ARTS PROPEL In addition, portfolios can be a record of the activities undertaken over time in the development of written products. (802) 828-3135, New Standards Project ED/OERI 92-38 Coalition of Essential Schools Students have been stuffing assignments in notebooks and folders for years, so what's so new and exciting about portfolios? Richard P. Mills is commissioner of education in Vermont, where fourth and eighth grade students are being assessed in writing and mathematics using three methods: a portfolio, a best piece from the portfolio, and a set of equivalent performance tasks. WHY TRY IT? Here are a few examples: Example 1 Sean Carey first had a basic list of samples. One project involves analyzing issues and problems encountered when teachers use a scoring rubric, originally developed for writing assessments, to score writing collections in student portfolios. ERIC Clearinghouse/AIR National Center for Research in Mathematical OR 93-3013 For example, portfolios can be used to involve parents in their children's education programs and to report individual student progress. Gearhart and her coresearchers called for strategies that "balance the tension between evaluators' needs to constrain and structure portfolios for assessment and teachers' needs to devise portfolio uses that ensure their discretion in curriculum." Throughout both stages of the project, portfolios have been used along with classroom observations and external assessments to assess teaming in three content areas--imaginative writing, music, and the visual arts. Los Angeles, CA 90024-1522 3333 K Street NW, Suite 300 And in you include testimonials in your writing portfolio, be sure they come from reputable sources who represent your ideal target. More teachers have recently begun using portfolios in all curricular areas. Editor: Jacquelyn Zimmermann, Winfield Cooper is editor of the quarterly. WHAT ARE THE DRAWBACKS? Beyond "percent correct," assigned letter grades, and grammatical or arithmetic errors, many students have little knowledge of what is involved in evaluating their classwork. Each portfolio must demonstrate the student’s fluency with certain specific academic writing … While portfolios were developed on the model of the visual and performing arts tradition of showcasing accomplishments, portfolios in classrooms today are a highly flexible instructional and assessment tool, adaptable to diverse curricula, student age/grade levels, and administrative contexts. In building a portfolio of selected pieces and explaining the basis for their choices, students generate criteria for good work, with teacher and peer input. It’s not hard to notice the difference in appeal between a text-only list of writing samples and one with visual elements. In addition, portfolios can be a record of the activities undertaken over time in the development of written products. (401) 863-3384, Ed Roeber Information on the PROPEL/ARTS PROPEL approach is now available from ETS in four handbooks--a general overview handbook and one for each of the three content areas. HOW DOES IT WORK? Before submitting a physical portfolio or an online writing portfolio, however, it's necessary to … Research shows that portfolios place additional demands on teachers and students as well as on school resources. The handbooks describe program and teacher strategies and illustrate student production, perception, and reflection in projects that extend over time. University of Wisconsin at Madison PROPEL is a continuation of ARTS PROPEL, a cooperative research project involving the Pittsburgh Public Schools, Harvard Project Zero, and Educational Testing Service (ETS). In the second project, Gearhart is documenting the impact of mathematics portfolios on instructional methods and students' learning and motivation. A writing portfolio is a collection of student writing used to help both the student and teacher see the progress of writing over time. Portfolios can provide structure for involving students in developing and understanding criteria for good efforts, in coming to see the criteria as their own, and in applying the criteria to their own and other students' work. You want to make sure your writing portfolio achieves its objectives - if you're an author, that may be to get you a book deal. Recent changes in education policy, which emphasize greater teacher involvement in designing curriculum and assessing students, have also been an impetus to increased portfolio use. Good portfolio projects do not happen without considerable effort on the part of teachers, administrators, and policymakers. newspaper, magazines, online, etc). However, portfolios have been characterized by some teachers as a worthwhile burden with tangible results in instruction and student motivation. Madison, WI 53706 In all administrative contexts, teachers need administrative support to initiate a portfolio program. Research also shows that students benefit from an awareness of the processes and strategies involved in writing, solving a problem, researching a topic, analyzing information, or describing their own observations. While the primary purpose of portfolios for most teachers is to engage students, support good curricula and instruction, and improve student teaming, some portfolio programs are designed to serve other purposes as well. National Center for Research on Evaluation, Educational Testing Service Here are a couple of writing portfolio examples that contain images and structured layouts. As any teacher or student can confirm, this method is a clear departure from the old write, hand in, and forget mentality, where first drafts were considered final products. All portfolios--across these diverse curricular settings, student populations, and administrative contexts--involve students in their own education so that they take charge of their personal collection of work, reflect on what makes some work better, and use this information to make improvements in future work. For example: The content in portfolios is built from class assignments and as such corresponds to the local classroom curriculum. (CRESST)/UCLA students. Of writing over time the activities undertaken over time as representations of classroom-based performance they! An assessment tool because, as representations of classroom-based performance, they supplement rather than take time away instruction. 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